Certain creatures have abilities that are either active at all times ('Innate'), activated at will, triggered by certain circumstances or events, or activate when specific creatures are on the field ('Brainwashed'). Unlike the actual game, the animated series depicted creatures having to manually carry all of their Battlegear and their. • Tell us some more • Upload in Progress • Upload failed. Please upload a file larger than 100x100 pixels • We are experiencing some problems, please try again. • You can only upload files of type PNG, JPG, or JPEG. • You can only upload files of type 3GP, 3GPP, MP4, MOV, AVI, MPG, MPEG, or RM. • You can only upload photos smaller than 5 MB. • You can only upload videos smaller than 600MB. • You can only upload a photo (png, jpg, jpeg) or a video (3gp, 3gpp, mp4, mov, avi, mpg, mpeg, rm). • You can only upload a photo or a video. • Video should be smaller than 600mb/5 minutes • Photo should be smaller than 5mb •. Seattle and Washington combined to commit 23 penalties for 200 yards. The first score of the game came on a Bobby Wagner safety and, as Blair Walsh missed three field goals, remained the Seahawks’ only points well into the third quarter. Russell Wilson was picked off — twice! — on slant plays, one on that went horribly awry. It even snowed a little. And it ended in the craziest, most appropriate way possible: the Seahawks unable to cling to a lead Wilson improbably drove down the field to give them with 1:34 to go. Washington QB Kirk Cousins answered, and a Seattle Hail Mary fell to the ground in the end zone while the clock hit triple zeroes. Final score: Washington 17, Seattle 14. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
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I recently bought a Dell Dimension E521 desktop. It came with NVIDIA GeForce 6150 LE Integrated Graphics card. I installed NVidia 7600GS card with dual DVI out yesterday. I have 3 monitors, 2 connected to the DVI ports on the 7600GS card and was wondering if there is a way, I could use the 3rd one on the integrated one? I wasn?t able to get the integrated one enabled after installing the PCI-E card. Anyone have any solutions? OR I have to get another PCI video card? Also, will DVI splitter help? I know with the splitter I can connect two monitors to one dvi output, but will this allow me extending my desktop? I don?t want to get the same screen on two monitors. Even though this question is very old, obviously people are curious as I was searching here for an answer as well. First, if the computer you are using has two graphics cards, I am assuming they only have one output each, otherwise it wouldn't need an additional cable for a three monitor setup. Most newer cards have two or more outputs which would allow for a three monitor setup natively. A simple DVI splitter would mirror the two monitors. These usually run from about $10 up. The DVI splitter you are speaking of is probably not one of those simplified cables, but rather something like the Matrox TripleHead2Go or similar technology. Windows 10 isn't using Dedicated GPU. The OP is referring to an issue when integrated graphics and a GPU is installed in the same computer, such as a laptop. I'm sending in my 7950 for a RMA as it was giving me problems and was planning to activate my CPU's integrated graphics while I wait but the issue is I don't know to to turn them on. I've read that a. Mar 26, 2009. I would like to somehow extend the picture onto my HD TV. I have an Acer M25201 and it has a HDMI port built in the motherboard but as the onboard graphics are disabled I cant see any picture when connected to the TV. Is there any way to use both the GFX card and built in motherboard one? ![]() These are quite expensive, and around the $300 retail mark. I am still doing some research on enabling the on board VGA in conjunction with the PCIe, and will update this post if I am able to find anything out. I do believe one of the other posts on this thread were correct in saying that it is probably a board manufacturer option, if it is even possible at all that is. ![]() This graphics card i have in my computer had been working for over three years. Then one day i load up my computer and it suddenly just doesn't work. My computer still recognizes it's there. I can install the drivers and everything for it still without any errors. Neither of the VGA ports on the card will send data to my monitor. I have to use my on board to get a display. The Nvidia control panel does not have the features most everyone else seems to have. It is NVIDIA GeForce 7100/NVIDIA nForce 630i. I don't know what the issue is but i'm at a loss. And when i do go into BIOS i have 3 options: PCI, PCI-e, and DISABLE. I have my computer set to PCI-e. So maybe someone could explain what i'm missing or need to do. Dear first of all look at the back side of your computer and look if the monitors cable is properly inserted to the VGA port which is located on the back side of your CPU i.e computer. If yes see whether you are having two VGA Ports (if you have asked for graphics card seperately for some special purpose shuch as gaming) if there are Two VGA Ports try inserting your monitors cable to the another VGA Port on your computer. You should be done. Now if you are having Two VGA Ports at the back side of your computer the Question is which one is Your High-Resolution VGA Port? If the display comes press DEL or F10 to enter CMOS Setup and look for some option like 'Onboard VGA' if it is enabled disable it and save the settings. Now again change the VGA Port on the back side of your Computer i.e insert the wire coming from Monitor to another VGA port on your computer. Now it should work properly. If it does not work just call your hardware supplier. I f you have a geforce card then it is going to discover it as that. Do you have 2 enjoying cards put in? If so then only remember to've the appropriate card activated on top of issues panel and disable the different. Abode windows shouldnt detect a geforce card as Intel grafics because it impossible to run the drivers for one device in a thoroughly differnt device ( ordinarily ) visit administration panel; device gadgets; opt for properties for the device required and choose enable or disable. • Tell us some more • Upload in Progress • Upload failed. Please upload a file larger than 100x100 pixels • We are experiencing some problems, please try again. • You can only upload files of type PNG, JPG, or JPEG. • You can only upload files of type 3GP, 3GPP, MP4, MOV, AVI, MPG, MPEG, or RM. • You can only upload photos smaller than 5 MB. • You can only upload videos smaller than 600MB. • You can only upload a photo (png, jpg, jpeg) or a video (3gp, 3gpp, mp4, mov, avi, mpg, mpeg, rm). • You can only upload a photo or a video. • Video should be smaller than 600mb/5 minutes • Photo should be smaller than 5mb •. Hello Michele! I'm so glad you stopped by to see us today! I absolutely love the Disney Gift Card. I put money on a gift card throughout the year as a. Disney Marvel Comics. Plastic Gift Card; Online Gift Card; Gift Card Balance; Activate Gift Card; Terms & Conditions; Activate Gift Card. $50 unused gift card. I received this as a promotion when we went to disney but i came too late. Can also be used at the disney store in addition to the theme parks. Disney Gift Card. Disney Rewards Redemption Card Value $68.28, Activated! Free shipping. Ending Thursday at 12:50PM PST3d 15h. The Disney Gift Card is issued by Disney Gift Card Services, Inc. Gift cards may not be used towards the purchase of Disney Dollars or Disney Gift Cards. ![]() ![]() Gift Cards If you want to buy someone a gift but you're having trouble figuring out what to get for them, a gift card can be a great solution. Maybe you don't know them well enough to be certain what they want. Or maybe you simply don't know what they want. That's OK, and there's no need to guess. ![]() With a Walmart gift card, they can choose whatever their heart desires from a seemingly endless selection of products. Shop for gift cards by the occasion to find special designs for birthdays, weddings, anniversaries or graduations. Or add a personal touch by choosing a card that reflects the recipient's interests, whether a fan of sports, cats. There are so many possibilities. Walmart makes gift card giving easy. You can give a traditional, plastic gift card or order an eGift Card, which will be sent to the recipient's email inbox. Either kind can be redeemed at Walmart or Sam's Club stores or at Walmart.com or SamsClub.com. If you'd prefer to give the gift of an experience, Walmart carries specialty gift cards for restaurants, movie theaters and other entertainment, plus retail, travel and more. There are also gift cards from major credit card companies, which are safer than cash, more flexible than gift certificates and single merchant gift cards and can be used wherever the card is accepted. Plastic gift cards Surprise someone with a plastic gift card. Just order the style and dollar amount of your choice, then have it sent to them in the mail. They'll thank you for remembering them with such a thoughtful surprise. The Basic Blue Walmart Gift Card makes a wonderful choice for family and friends because it lets them pick out exactly what they want. Choose a money denomination between $10 and $100. It's easy because the most popular amounts have already been predetermined for you. Just select one and quickly move through the checkout process. For orders of $250 and higher, or 25 gift cards and higher, Walmart will send you an email about how to activate them. The cards can be used: • For purchases at Walmart.com and at Walmart stores in the US. • For purchases by Sam's Club members at Sam's Club stores in the US and at SamsClub.com. • For purchases at VUDU.com. • In stores just present the Walmart gift card at checkout. • Online enter the gift card number and the PIN, which is listed on the back of gift card, during checkout. The PIN provides a more secure online shopping experience. As you make purchases, the gift card amount decreases. You can add to the gift card balance anytime at a Walmart store. You can also check your card's balance anytime that's convenient for you in stores or online. Specialty gift cards Specialty gift cards are plastic, just like the Basic Blue Gift Card, but there are a wide variety of designs to provide that little extra personalization. Cards are available in designs featuring Sports, Animal Friends, Baby Clothesline, Roses and, Graduation Gown and more. There are also gift cards for a wide variety of restaurants like Starbucks, Subway, Olive Garden, Taco Bell, Domino's, Chick-fil-A, Outback Steakhouse, Applebees, Red Lobster, Burger King, Red Robin, Papa John's and many more. Does the recipient love movies? How about an AMC Theatre Gift Card? Are they a fan of music? What could be better than an iTunes Gift Card? That way, they can select exactly the music they want, anytime they want. A Google Play gift card will give the recipient a variety of apps and other content to choose from. Other possibilities include a Visa or MasterCard gift card. This is a great option because it's redeemable anywhere that Visa or MasterCard are accepted and that's practically everywhere, with millions of merchant locations across the US. They also come decorated with a colorful gift and bow on the front. EGift cards If you don't want to wait for the plastic card to be sent to your recipient, you can send an eGift Card between $5 and $200. And you can spruce up the email with a colorfully designed message. EGift Cards are convenient for you and fun for them. They arrive immediately by email, or within 48 hours at the most. Just select the money denomination and add the card to your cart. Walmart will send you an email that includes the Walmart eGift Card number, a PIN, instructions for use on Walmart.com and a barcode with instructions for use in stores. Just forward the email to your chosen recipient and let them start shopping. Occasions to celebrate You can give a gift card for no reason at all (also known as Just Because and that's always a good reason), but here are some of the more popular occasions for you to consider celebrating with a gift card: • Easter • Christmas • Graduation • Anniversary • Cinco de Mayo • • Thanksgiving • Bridal Shower • Mother's Day • New Baby • Wedding • Baby Shower • Housewarming • Father's Day • Thank You • Congratulations • Back-To-School • Retirement • Save Money. Give a thoughtful Walmart Gift Card today. 5/24 Update: It appears that only the Target RED Debit/Credit card is working to get 5% off gift cards now. What would you think about getting 10% off of every single purchase on your vacation at Disney World? 10% may not seem like much but here at Frugal Mouse every penny counts! This method isn’t too difficult to pull off either so it’s a quick and easy way to save a few bucks here and there. Target recently rolled out two new cards, a and. Both cards give you 5% off of every purchase at Target plus free shipping for online purchases. Both cards feature no annual fees which is good though beware of the credit card because the interest rate is a whopping 22.9%! That shouldn’t really matter because we always pay our credit cards off each month ( right?). What’s nice about these cards is that you can use the 5% discount to purchase gift cards and Target stocks Disney gift cards! Not to mention that you get 5% off at all other purchases at Target and on Target.com plus free shipping as well. To apply for a Target REDcard you can either visit customer service in store or apply online at I’m going to be using the Target Debit REDcard because I have enough credit cards already and the debit card won’t require a credit report pull. When registering you’ll need to have your checking account number and bank routing number to link them up. The debit card needs to be linked to an active checking account to pull money from when you make a purchase – it will operate just like any other debit card. After you’ve successfully registered for the card a verification process needs to take place by Target depositing a few small deposits then you verifying the amounts, this process can take 3-5 days to clear. Your card should arrive in the mail a few days later, just call the number to activate and you’ll be all set! Now that we have our first 5% off, let’s work on getting a second stackable 5% off coupon which will bring our total savings to 10%. 5% Coupon for Target Pharmacy Rewards There are two ways you can get the second, stackable 5% off. Target has a which rewards a 5% coupon off of an entire purchase two ways • Filling 5 prescriptions using your REDcard • Enrolling to manage your account online. What’s nice about these coupons is that you can stack them on top of your discount from your REDcard bringing your total savings up to 10% for a purchase. I don’t have any prescriptions to fill so I’m going to use the enroll online option to get a 5% off coupon. If you do have prescriptions you can get two coupons but they can’t stack on top of each other. How To Get the 5% Off Coupon 1. On this page you’ll see two options to get the 5% off coupons at the bottom, click on the right option. Complete the registration process by filling out the form on the site. At the end of the registration process you should see a popup at the end confirming that your coupon will arrive in the mail. After you have your Target REDcard and 5% pharmacy rewards coupon in hand, time to! The Disney Gift cards can be purchased both in store and online so you don’t even have to go to a store to purchase. Note that you are limited to purchasing 10 at a time online. Another benefit to having the REDcard is that you get free shipping on order from. Money Saving Strategies Disney Gift Cards are accepted in all parks and at Disney resorts at both WDW and Disneyland. I’ve found that the gift cards are hit and miss at locations at Downtown Disney which is understandable since they are other companies running those restaurants & stores. How I have used this discount in the past is to use gift cards for all of my food purchases in the parks. For example on my last trip I budgeted $500 for spending on food and some shopping for my trip. I was able to purchase 10 gift cards at a cost of $450 for a $50 savings (10%) which gave me $500 to spend in the parks. It’s also a good way to set a spending budget – once you’re out of your gift cards your budget is up. Just be very careful about not losing the gift cards, be sure to treat them like cash because it is! You are also able to use your gift cards at: • Room resort costs • Park tickets • Disney Cruise Line • Disney Store Being able to save 10% on all merchandise and food purchases in the parks is a nice savings when otherwise we would be paying full price. If you have any Disney gift card tips or other ways to utilize the Target discounts post them to the comments! If you spend more than 10 days in the parks in the span of a year, it makes sense to get an Annual Pass which entitles you to several discounts, including 10% off purchases of purchases all over the parks for souveniers as well as at many food locations. My family visits twice within a year, typically in the fall making sure that our second trip of the year is scheduled just before our passes will expire. If you renew your pass, you get a discount of just over $100 off the regular price. Additionally, you can get the Tables in Wonderland card (for a cost of $125 annually) that provides 20% off most table service & some counter service locations. Depending upon how your family vacations, that can add up to lots of savings as well. I had this issue today, but it was only for the $100 cards, not the $50. I went ahead and ordered 4/$50 cards (the limit for one transaction). I am hopeful this is a temporary snafu, not something that Target is doing to try and put the kibosh on this practice. They recently had a day where you could order up to $300 Target card on the Target site for 10% off. I was able to then also get the 5% off when I used it to purchase the Disney GC’s, saving a total of $45 off the $300 in Disney Cards! Wish I could do that all the time! I’ve found a new way to save an additional 5-8% off your Disney GC purchases! Use Raise.com to buy discounted Target cards for anywhere between 5-8% off (about 6% is what I see most frequently). You then add the target gc’s to your Target account. Since you have your Red card set up as default payment, you will get the 5% off the Disney GC’s even though you are actually paying for them with a GC. I did this for my trip earlier this month and saved about $600 in total. It is a bit of work since you can only order 3/$100 & 4/$50 Disney cards per transaction at Target, but totally worth the extra work to save over 10% on your entire trip! I also used a credit card that gives me 1.5% cash back when purchasing the Target cards so that added to my savings as well. Hope this helps! Best Answer: ~ No, you don't need to activate the PokeRadar- but you do need to recharge it. Once you've used it, you have to take fifty steps before you can use it again. ~ To use it, have the PokeRadar open on your Poketech and walk in grass you could usually catch other Pokemon in. After a while, you should see a sparkly patch of grass, where you could try to catch a Pokemon from generations one, two and three (Kanto, Johto and Hoenn Pokemon, such as Nidoran, Stantler, Swablu, etc.). If no wild Pokemon appear, you should try another area. You can find a much better list on bulbapedia (sources). ~ One problem often encountered is you run into non PokeRadar Pokemon- so use repel. This will not have an effect on the PokeRadar Pokemon, but will keep the Sinnoh Pokemon away. ~ Get the Poke Radar from Prof. Rowan's lab upon completing the National Dex. ~ Be ready to possibly be attacked by many Pokemon at a time. Sometimes, these sparkly patches contain fainted or caught Pokemon, and this will trigger a much larger group of the same Pokemon attacking you in what is called a 'chain'. ~ Bulbapedia says that the larger the chain is, the higher the chances of finding a 'shiny' Pokemon. This just means the Pokemon is discoloured. ![]() These Pokemon can sometimes or sometimes not be any stronger, but overall, go for shiny if you see one. They're very rare. • Tell us some more • Upload in Progress • Upload failed. Please upload a file larger than 100x100 pixels • We are experiencing some problems, please try again. • You can only upload files of type PNG, JPG, or JPEG. ![]() • You can only upload files of type 3GP, 3GPP, MP4, MOV, AVI, MPG, MPEG, or RM. • You can only upload photos smaller than 5 MB. • You can only upload videos smaller than 600MB. • You can only upload a photo (png, jpg, jpeg) or a video (3gp, 3gpp, mp4, mov, avi, mpg, mpeg, rm). • You can only upload a photo or a video. • Video should be smaller than 600mb/5 minutes • Photo should be smaller than 5mb •. How can I activate the code for getting the pokeradar? I can't seen to get it working., Pokemon Platinum Questions and answers, Nintendo DS. How do I get the pokeradar?, Pokemon Diamond Questions and answers. How do I get the pokeradar? Does any one know how to activate the max cash. ![]() © 2014 Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. View My Account; Access My Account * Required Fields. Existing Cardholders. Card Number* 3-Digit Code. Inland Bank Visa ® Debit Card - For Personal and. You will be asked a series of questions to establish your identity and will be able to activate your card for. ![]() ![]() Once you notify Wells Fargo of your lost or stolen card, we will issue you a new ATM/debit, prepaid and/or credit card with chip technology. Your replacement card will contain a new card number and expiration date. Your new card(s) can be mailed to the card address on file or to a one-time shipping address if you are traveling. For lost or stolen checks, visit a Wells Fargo branch or call 1-800-TO-WELLS ( 1-800-869-3557). A Wells Fargo banker will work with you to take the appropriate action on your account and order any new checks needed. What if I don’t have other payment options in the meantime? To get answers to questions or view terms and conditions, follow the instructions below the image that matches your card. View FAQs View Terms and Conditions. View FAQs View Terms and Conditions View FAQs View Terms and Conditions. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. Activate Wells Fargo Credit Card. Print this page Welcome to Wells Fargo Retail Services, a division of Wells Fargo Financial National Bank. Get answers to your questions about the Wells Fargo EasyPay Card – how to get and use a reloadable prepaid card. ![]() ![]() Traveling soon or need access to your funds sooner? If you cannot wait for your replacement card to arrive, we offer a variety of solutions to meet your needs. Instant issue debit card A Wells Fargo Instant Issue Debit Card comes with all of the same features and benefits of your permanent card and offers an immediate, secure, and convenient way to access your money until your permanent card arrives. Visit a Wells Fargo branch to receive an instant issue debit card, which can be used immediately once we verify your identity. You may use your card for up to 30 days, or until you activate your new debit card, whichever comes first. Rush service for credit cards In a hurry or traveling soon? We understand that you may need your credit cards sooner than our standard delivery. Contact Customer Service to discuss rush processing options based on your need. We may be able to replace your card in as little as 24 hours (additional fees may apply). If you’re already enrolled in card alerts, we will do our best to automatically transfer your alert subscriptions to your new card number. To verify your current alerts subscription at any time, sign on to Wells Fargo Online ®, and select Manage Alerts through the More menu. If you’re not already enrolled, consider signing up for card and account alerts to stay informed about activity on your account. Get timely informative alerts on your smartphone or through email. Credit, ATM/debit, and prepaid alerts are free from Wells Fargo. However, your mobile carrier's text messaging and data charges may apply. Get the alerts that are important to you ATM/debit card, prepaid card, and account alerts Alerts supplement the current fraud detection measures Wells Fargo has in place. We regularly review your accounts for out-of-pattern activity. Choose to be notified when: • A suspicious transaction or unusual activity is detected on your account • Your balance is above or below an amount you specify • A withdrawal, deposit or check posts to your account • Your daily ATM withdrawals or debit card purchases exceed an amount you choose Credit card alerts Get real-time updates on activity that occurs on your Visa ® or American Express ® credit card. Receive notifications by email, text message, or push notification for a variety of transaction types including: • Purchases exceeding a set amount • Cash advances at ATMs • Purchases at a gas station • Foreign transactions • Online, phone, or mail purchases. Report lost or stolen cards immediately to Wells Fargo, from your Wells Fargo Mobile ® app, or by calling us. For personal debit or prepaid cards, call 1-800-TO-WELLS ( 1-800-869-3557). For business debit cards, call 1-800-CALL-WELLS ( 1-800-225-5935). You may also visit your local branch to speak with a banker. If you lose your card while traveling outside the United States, call us collect at 1-925-825-7600 for personal cards or 1-916-480-3190 for business cards and then follow the voice instructions. Wells Fargo will send a card shipped alert to you when your new replacement card is mailed. If you pay bills with your card, this alert will include a list of merchants with whom you may have set up recurring payments in the past twelve months such as your cell phone, cable, or utility company. Please be sure to provide your new replacement card number and expiration date to these merchants to avoid any disruption in service. When you receive your new card in the mail, please activate it immediately. If you have misplaced your card and need time to find it, you can temporarily turn your card off to help prevent unauthorized card transactions. When you find it, you can easily turn your card back on. To Wells Fargo Online or log into your Wells Fargo Mobile app to access Turn Card On or Off. You can also call us at 1-800-TO-WELLS ( 1-800-869-3557) for personal debit or prepaid cards. For business debit cards call 1-800-CALL-WELLS ( 1-800-225-5935). If you think your card has been lost or stolen, you can order a replacement card, from your Wells Fargo Mobile app or by calling us. For personal cards call 1-800-869-3557. For business cards call 1-800-225-5935. It’s easy to activate and use your card. There are 3 ways to activate your debit card. • You can activate it, or from your Wells Fargo Mobile ® app. • Call 1-877-294-6933 from your home or mobile phone. • You can activate the card by using it with your Personal Identification Number (PIN) at any Wells Fargo ATM. (If you don’t already have a PIN, it will be mailed to you separately from your card.) 2. Sign your card and destroy any temporary cards. • Be sure to sign the back of your card immediately. • If you received a temporary debit card when you opened your account, please destroy it as soon as you activate your permanent debit card. Use your debit card as a safer, convenient way to access your money. • Make purchases and pay bills worldwide at participating retailers and service providers ― including online or by phone. • Use your card to get cash, make deposits, and more at 13,000 Wells Fargo ATMs. Frequently asked questions. If you have misplaced your card and need time to find it, you can temporarily turn your card off to help prevent unauthorized card transactions. When you find it, you can easily turn your card back on. To Wells Fargo Online or log into your Wells Fargo Mobile ® app to access Turn Card On or Off. You can also call us at 1-800-TO-WELLS ( 1-800-869-3557) for personal debit or prepaid cards. If you think your card has been lost or stolen, you can order a replacement card, from your Wells Fargo Mobile app or by calling us. For personal cards call 1-800-869-3557. There are several things that you can do to protect yourself when using your debit card. • Be cautious. When you use your debit card at any sales counter or ATM, be aware when people are near or behind you. To keep others from seeing your PIN, you can use your hand or body to shield their view of the keypad. • Sign up for alerts. Our help you stay informed about unusual activity on your debit card. You can set up alerts to notify you when your card: • Is used for an online, phone, or mail order purchase • Is used in an international location • Exceeds the purchase amount that you set • Exceeds the daily ATM withdrawal amount that you set • Monitor your account regularly. With Wells Fargo Online ® you can securely access your accounts and keep track of your transactions and balances at any time. You can do this via your computer, tablet, or mobile device. You don’t need a smartphone; we offer a text banking option that works with older mobile devices as well. • Register your debit card. You can get added protection ― at no additional cost ― when you shop online. Just register your Wells Fargo Visa ® Debit Card with. • Learn more about protecting your identity and funds. Start by reviewing these helpful. If you suspect any fraudulent activity on your debit card, call us immediately at 1-800-869-3557. ![]() Mar 10, 2009 Is there a way to activate a trial version of Office 2007 on a new laptop, using a product key from Office Home and Student edition 2007? Click Activate next to activate Microsoft Office. If the trial version of 2007 Office has expired, the 2007 Office program will display a message that states this fact. If you are running an expired trial version of 2007 Office, you must install a retail version of 2007 Office. You cannot activate an expired trial version of 2007 Office. Where do I enter the activation key for my Office 2010 Home and Business trial? I purchased an Office Home and Business 2010 product key card (no media). I then downloaded the Office Home and Business 2010 trial. This computer is being sent out to a user so I don't want to wait for the trial to expire then enter the code. Does anyone know where to find the button, menu option etc. So that I can enter the key/convert to full version? Can this be done? My key card instructions tell me to click on 'Microsoft Office 2010' from the start menu. No can do, no such program anywhere that I can find. I just have the usual Word, PowerPoint, Outlook etc icons in the Microsoft folder (and no activate your Office Trial applications in there either). ![]() Im running Win XP if that matters. I spent about 15 minutes googling this and I couldn't get answer due to the fact that there are about 10,000 hits on how to cheat the activation and hack yourself a free copy. ![]() Dell E-Port Replicator with USB 3.0 The E-Port Replicator with USB 3.0 from Dell ™ is a space-saving port replicator suitable for home and office environment which enables connection to your desk peripherals. This docking station includes a modern USB 3.0 technology. It has replaced USB 2.0 connectors with the USB 3.0. Plus, the Display Port 1.2 adds the ability to daisy chain displays (4 displays via 1 connector). Also it offers an adaptor complexity reduction. ![]() This product has been tested and validated on Dell systems. Ultrabook, Celeron, Celeron Inside, Core Inside, Intel, Intel Logo, Intel Atom, Intel Atom Inside, Intel Core, Intel Inside, Intel Inside Logo, Intel vPro, Itanium, Itanium Inside, Pentium, Pentium Inside, vPro Inside, Xeon, Xeon Phi, and Xeon Inside are trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the U.S. And/or other countries. Offers subject to change. Not valid for Resellers. Per customer unit limits on discounted or promotional items apply. Dell reserves the right to cancel orders arising from pricing or other errors. *Rewards are issued to your online Dell Advantage Loyalty Rewards Account (available via your My Account) typically within 30 business days after your order’s ship date; Rewards expire in 90 days (except where prohibited by law). “Current rewards balance” amount may not reflect the most recent transactions. Check for your most up-to-date reward balance. Up to 12% rewards on Dell Preferred Account purchases for a limited time. 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Select your mobile network from the dropdown below to find the solution that best suits your needs. Then use the table below to compare between different unlocking providers. Have you succesfully unlocked this handset using another method? Make sure you share your knowledge by adding a comment to help other members in the community. You can find answers to other questions related to unlocking (including what scams to look out for and whether it's legal) on our comprehensive unlocking FAQs page. Ways to unlock your Nokia 3585i. ![]() ![]() Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • This Driven Sports supplement takes its name from the chemical expression “triazole”. A triazole is cyclic compound composed of atoms of at least two different elements in its ring. This supplement is designed to help build muscle mass, increase energy, and help you meet your fitness goals. This is accomplished by suppressing the hormone estrogen and stimulating testosterone production. It uses a natural aromatase inhibitor in concert with a strong liver protectorate and effective anti-oxidant to support healing and recovery while building muscle mass. This supplement employs three methods to limit, though not eliminate, estrogen. The first method is by inhibiting estrogen production as follows: The enzyme aromatase converts testosterone into estrogen along with other functions. This can result in an excess of estrogen and low amounts of testosterone. By inhibiting aromatase, the body is seen to be less able to convert testosterone into estrogen leaving more of the male hormone available to build muscle. The second method included in its composition to limit estrogen is described here: Triazole uses a selective estrogen receptor modulator (called SERMs), created from bee propolis. This SEREM is used to displace estrogen from its receptor. With no way to bind itself to its receptor, estrogen is disabled, further enabling testosterone stimulation. The third way this supplement combats estrogen is associated with the other two methods. With estrogen creation inhibited and the estrogen receptor unavailable because its place is occupied by the SEREM, there is less occurrence of estrogen. Manufacturer Founded in late 2008 by Matt Cahill, Driven Sports entered the highly competitive sports supplements business. They are a boutique supplement company specializing in supplements to support general health and bodybuilding. They sell a small, specialized selection of high performance sports supplements. ![]() ![]() Their products seek to enable more challenging workouts, quick workout recovery, and help build a leaner body. They also compose and distribute stacks of their products. Stacks are selected, measured amounts of complementary products designed for maximal effectiveness. Stacks are available for men and women. Driven Sports is unique in the supplements industry by its emphasis on science and testing. Anyone who has surveyed the supplement business knows that many products are based on ancestral remedies without any foundation in testing. And just like the extract we include in Triazole, Activate Xtreme. Discontinue use for at least 4 weeks before using Activate Xtreme again. Can I split the dosing. Activate Xtreme - Natural Testosterone Booster. Driven Sports Triazole will also complement Activate Xtreme perfectly. There is more on post cycle therapy below. Driven Sports opposes that tradition through extensive testing and scientific research. The basis of the company is its commitment to providing quality, tested sports supplements. Driven Sports ensures that their ingredients are fresh and appropriate and each product is tested effectiveness and purity. In the unregulated arena of sports supplements, this testing process is unusual. Driven Sports bypassed the generic replication model of sports supplements. Rather, they provide a selection of highly-tested, targeted products. They consider that the supplements they offer fill an over-looked void in the supplements industry. That void is for fitness practitioners and bodybuilders who want a scientific basis to their supplements. How Triazole by Driven Sports Works? To take your bodybuilding up to the next level, most men, and many women, could use increased testosterone. Triazole is a supplement that stimulates an increase in this hormone by limiting estrogen, which is an unusual approach. The prevalent idea among men that estrogen is the enemy hormone because it is the backbone of femininity is inaccurate. Both men and women need a balance of what are considered male and female hormones for optimal functioning. Many testosterone boosters misfire by striding to completely stifle estrogen. This supplement seeks to control estrogen by blocking estrogen from its receptor and by preventing or inhibiting the creation of estrogen. Triazole blocks estrogen from its receptor by having its all-natural estrogen receptor modulator inhabit the place needed by estrogen; this prevents the creation of excessive estrogen. The other method of producing estrogen, through aromatase conversion, is modulated by the extract from the shrub brassaiopsis glomerulata. By taking this unusual two-pronged approach, this supplement encourages and even stimulates greater testosterone in the system without eliminating the estrogen you need. These approaches or pathways seek to promote the presence of the male hormone and keep estrogen in balance. Another well-documented factor in preventing effective muscle mass formation is stress. To combat this enemy, the product includes curcumin extracted from the curcuma longa plant. Working cooperatively with CAPE, the estrogen blocker, curcumin is designed to serve as a natural antioxidant, relieving stress in your cells. These three approaches, supported by the rest of the ingredients, work to help you reach your fitness and personal goals. Men report improved mood, quick muscle mass improvement, and improved general health when taking Triazole. This supplement also features a time-release function. The idea behind this is to prevent massive flooding of the supplement into your system. Instead, time release makes the supplement available over longer periods of time. By following the recommended dosage of 3-4 capsules daily, men have seen results. Driven Sports does not recommend taking the capsules without interruption. They recommend break periods and then a return to the product for best results. The best way to know if the product is working for you is to measure your results by tracking your progress. Create a tracking chart including such information as: • Date you began taking the supplement. • Important muscle measurements such as biceps, triceps, or perhaps a muscle group you have been trying to build that has resisted your efforts. • Health data – how you are feeling when you begin; any negative health issues. • Energy level – you might want to use a 1 – 10 scale for this. Tracking enables you to see your progress rather than trying to remember and guess at your improvement. You may also enjoy significant assistance from swapping supplements around or staking. As you know, your body builds up a resistance to things such as antibiotics over time. When you reach the end of the eight week cycle, take a break from it. Take time to examine your tracking document. Note improvements in your ability to lift heavier weights, increased muscle mass and energy level. This is helpful when you begin your next supplement cycle. In subsequent cycles, you can focus on areas that you need to bring up to the improved level of other muscle groups. Ingredients of Triazole This supplement contains the following ingredients: Zinc from Zinc Aspartate (5mg) is an important supplement in its own right. Human bodies require zinc for literally hundreds of functions. In men, it is linked to testosterone maintenance and prostate health. Zinc is also a key part of a healthy immune system. Zinc provides a strong support to the other elements of the supplement. LetroDex is a proprietary blend present in 750mg. Maca Roote Extract (Lepidium Meyenii) has been used by primitive peoples for years uncounted for its mood enhancing and energy improving qualities. It is also an adaptogen which means it is a natural immune system enhancer. Additionally, it has been prized for decades for its hormonal balancing attributes. Brassailpsis Glomerulata Extract created from the leaves of the plant (pZole) is included for its long-accepted property in inhibiting aromatase. This is important because the body naturally seeks to convert testosterone excess to estrogen. Escalated amounts of estrogen can cause adverse effects such as gynecomastia. This extract also assists in reducing muscular pain. Prunella Vulgaris Extract is derived from an entirely eatable relative of mint. It is created from the whole plant and is used in this supplement for its anti-estrogenic properties. This extract is used to activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor with the goal of interfering with estrogen. The plant is also called “Cure All” because it has been used all over Europe and in China to treat internal and external issues. Turmeric Extract (Curcuma Longa) is taken from the root of the Curcuma Longa plant. The spices tumeric and curcumin are derived from this plant. Curcumin is a strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Including curcumin in Triazole fights cellular stress thereby reducing overall stress. Stress is an acknowledged factor in inhibiting testosterone production. Bee Propolis Extract is also a well-known ancient remedy. It is produced by bees from sap, wax and other materials and appears brownish and lumpy in the hive. As the very successful ancient Greeks did, Triazole includes bee propolis extract for its anti-inflammatory capabilities. Black Pepper Extract (Piper Nigrum) taken from the fruit of the pepper plant contains bioperine. Bioperine is known for its efficacy in combating joint pain and fatigue. BioPerine is a registered trademark of the Sabinsa Corp. CAPE an all-natural SERM (selective estrogen receptor modulator). “Pzole” is the company name for a new compound in the supplement that is a natural aromatase inhibitor. The enzyme aromatase converts testosterone into estrogen. PZola is included to inhibit this process so that greater amounts of the male hormone can be available for building muscle mass. Certificates This supplement created by Driven Sports is a natural supplement. There are no certificates associated with supplements. Testimonials There are many testosterone supplement companies out there selling capsules, powders, tablets and creams. Dave, a local bodybuilder, thinks he tried them all. Though not a huge guy, Dave had a strong, muscular physique. He invested many hours at the gym honing his body. During his early adult life, his gym time and a balanced diet were all he needed to keep his admirable muscles. In his early 40’s, though still dedicated to his exercise and diet, he noticed that he could not build muscle mass as quickly as he used to. Added to that observation was another even less comfortable: he was often tired. Sleep did not restore his energy. His time around the gym had already taught him that these could be signs of decreased testosterone. He thought he was too young for that, but a little research told him that this key male hormone generally begins to dip in your mid 20’s or early 30’s. His doctor did tests but the results were inconclusive. Hormone therapy was not indicated by testing. When Dave suggested that his doctor prescribe such therapy for him to try, it was met without enthusiasm. A little fatigue and the inability to support substantially above average musculature did not seem reason enough for such a significant therapy. On his own, Dave began experimenting with testosterone supplements. He began with the products his buddies at the gym were using and worked his way through dozens of supplements. His workout pals told him not to be discouraged. Their opinion was that you just had to find the right match for your system and you would see results. That match was Triazole. Three weeks into the eight week regimen, he began to see improvements. First he noticed that he could lift more weight. Then he observed that his lethargy was lifting. At last he saw that he was actually building muscle. He has stayed with his supplements since this positive experience. His brain trust at the gym, noticing his improvement, have also begun taking it hoping to mimic his success. Since he has to take a break after eight weeks, he is still experimenting with alternative supplements, but is glad each time the Triazole break is over. Though not part of his initial research, he is reassured that his supplement is well-tested and natural. Since Dave now sees himself as an on-going customer, these factors are immensely comforting. He has also begun experimenting with some of the stacks in his off periods. He finds they help bridge the breaks effectively so he does not lose much ground. Awards & Media Coverage Driven Sports won Bodybuilding.com Supplement Award nominee for Breakout Brand of the Year 2011. Bodybuilding.com is a website dedicated to all things related to bodybuilding including supplements, training methods, exercises, the personalities of bodybuilders and training tools and apparel. The site offers regular rankings of supplements, supplement companies and training programs and videos. Money-back Guarantee Driven Sports does not offer a specific money-back guarantee in writing. However, the company stands behind all of their products. Contact Driven Sports directly to make your argument for reimbursement. Neither does the company offer promotional testing programs or automatic monthly order refill. These are not appropriate because of the eight week cycle. A single month or less would be insufficient for you to understand its properties. Monthly automatic refills is also inappropriate because the product is designed for eight weeks followed by a break; automatic refilling would be confusing to users. Shipping Driven Sports charges a flat shipping fee for an order of one unit. The ordering process makes no statement about the shipping methods employed. There is no statement about the covered shipment area. However, since the order form defaults to “domestic shipping”, they likely do not offer anything but domestic shipping. They charge a $6.95 flat rate per unit for domestic shipping. Two or more products ship for $12.96. Customer Support The website for this supplement company includes an email form through which to contact the company. The phrase “Customer Support” does not appear anywhere in the company materials or on the website. There is no listed Customer Support department. There is no listed turnaround time for replying to email requests. The site does not list a telephone number, but the located listed company phone number is: (877)-245-5271; this number is not supervised 24/7 so you will almost certainly have to leave a message and await a return call. Safe & Secure Checkout Safe & Secure checkout assures purchasers that their credit card and personal information is protected by technological means. This includes encryption, firewalls, virus protection and many other measures. These functions are usually revealed to users through security statements or/and security logos. Driven Sports does not offer safe and secure checkout. The checkout process does not carry any of the secure checkout logos. There is no statement anywhere on the website indicating any kind of checkout security. Pricing Driven Sports sells a bottle of 90 capsules for approximately $40.00. It is not possible to estimate how long this supply lasts. The company recommends that you take 3-4 capsules per day, but some users find even three capsules too much. Various outlets and large suppliers offer similar amounts for somewhat less. The manufacturer runs discounts and special offers periodically but unpredictably. Pros • This product was developed over a two year period that included extensive testing and validation. • This supplement takes a “multiple pathway technology” approach to accomplish the goal for stimulating the production of free testosterone while protecting the liver, alleviating stress through anti-oxidants and seeking to improve overall health. • The product is all natural without the list of side effects associated with medical testosterone treatments. • It has a unique time-release mechanism so your system has access to the supplement’s effects long after you have taken the recommended dosage. • Each bottle is labeled with the date of manufacture so you know how fresh it is. Cons • Triazole is not recommended for tested athletes as it contains some ingredients that cause unfavorable test results. • This produce is a food supplement. Supplements are outside the prescribed area of the Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Because of this, Triazole is not a tested, validated item. • Not recommended for women who are pregnant or nursing. If you take any prescription medications, check with your doctor before taking supplements; it can increase the presence of some prescription medicines in the blood stream. Summary: Triazole by Driven Sports is more than a testosterone booster. The company states that the product stimulates male hormone production while inhibiting excessive estrogen production. This is a unique approach to testosterone boosting. The supplement is intended for an eight week cycle, followed by a break. The supplement also provides antioxidants for stress relief. Beyond those effects, this testosterone booster includes natural immune system and mood enhancers. Altogether, this supplement is a testosterone booster and all around, natural supplement. Abstract The mode of action for the reproductive toxicity of some triazole antifungals has been characterized as an increase in serum testosterone and hepatic response, and reduced insemination and fertility indices. In order to refine our mechanistic understanding of these potential modes of action, gene expression profiling was conducted on liver and testis from male Wistar Han IGS rats exposed to myclobutanil (500, 2000 ppm), propiconazole (500, 2500 ppm), or triadimefon (500, 1800 ppm) from gestation day six to postnatal day 92. Gene expression profiles indicated that all three triazoles significantly perturbed the fatty acid, steroid, and xenobiotic metabolism pathways in the male rat liver. In addition, triadimefon modulated expression of genes in the liver from the sterol biosynthesis pathway. Although expression of individual genes were affected, there were no common pathways modulated by all three triazoles in the testis. The pathways identified in the liver included numerous genes involved in phase I–III metabolism (Aldh1a1, Cyp1a1, Cyp2b2, Cyp3a1, Cyp3a2, Slco1a4, Udpgtr2), fatty acid metabolism (Cyp4a10, Pcx, Ppap2b), and steroid metabolism (Ugt1a1, Ugt2a1) for which expression was altered by the triazoles. These differentially expressed genes form part of a network involving lipid, sterol, and steroid homeostatic pathways regulated by the constitutive androstane (CAR), pregnane X (PXR), peroxisome proliferator–activated alpha, and other nuclear receptors in liver. These relatively high dose and long-term exposures to triazole antifungals appeared to perturb fatty acid and steroid metabolism in the male rat liver predominantly through the CAR and PXR signaling pathways. These toxicogenomic effects describe a plausible series of key events contributing to the disruption in steroid homeostasis and reproductive toxicity of select triazole antifungals. ,, The ability of triazole antifungals to bind and inhibit fungal lanosterol-14α-demethylase activity (cyp51) makes this class of compounds an effective tool in controlling many species and strains of fungi (). Disruption in ergosterol biosynthesis leads to a build up of toxic intermediate sterols in the fungal cell membrane, increasing membrane permeability and inhibition of fungal growth (). Hence, triazole antifungals have been used for their target pesticidal mode of action on fungal cyp51 inhibition and have proven to be valuable in the control against multiple types of fungal disease. Cytochrome P450 51 (Cyp51) is a conserved gene in fungi, protists, mammals, and plants required for sterol biosynthesis in all eukaryotic systems. The ability of triazoles to bind to the heme protein and inhibit CYP-dependent enzymes raises concerns over triazole effects on hormone synthesis and drug metabolism (;;;;; ). In rodents, reproductive toxicity has been reported following administration of myclobutanil or triadimefon, but not propiconazole; and carcinogenicity following administration of propiconazole or triadimefon, but not myclobutanil (;,,,,,, ). These data prompted interest in gaining a better understanding of the modes and mechanisms of action for triazole related reproductive toxicity and whether there are common modes of actions for triazole fungicides. In a 14-day oral (gavage) toxicity study, adult male Sprague Dawley rats were administered fluconazole (0, 2, 25, or 50 mg/kg/day), myclobutanil (0, 10, 75, or 150 mg/kg/day), propiconazole (0, 10, 75, or 150 mg/kg/day) or triadimefon (0, 10, 50, or 115 mg/kg/day). Only myclobutanil (150 mg/kg/day) produced a statistically significant increase in serum testosterone levels (). In contrast results from a reproduction and fertility study examining developmental and adult reproductive effects in Wistar Han rats exposed via feed to myclobutanil (ca. 6.1, 32.9, or 133.9 mg/kg/day), propiconazole (ca. 6.7, 31.9, or 169.7 mg/kg/day) or triadimefon (ca. 6.5, 33.1, or 139.1 mg/kg/day) from gestation day 6 to postnatal day 92, demonstrated that all three triazoles caused a significant increase in serum testosterone levels. This evidence combined with reduced fertility, hepatomegaly, and changes in pituitary weights (myclobutanil only) suggested a disruption in testosterone homeostasis was a key mode of action in the reproductive toxicity (). However, the modes of triazole related toxicity to the testis and liver, disruption in testosterone homeostasis, and reduced fertility were unclear. Previous research on triazoles has focused on the metabolic, hepatic and thyroid response to myclobutanil, propiconazole and triadimefon following short term (4 days) to subchronic (90 days) exposure in the adult rat and/or mouse (;;;;;;;;; ). This work focused on delineating common modes of triazole toxicity in the adult animal, with an emphasis on defining biological pathways relevant for both carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic effects. Toxicogenomics studies have been conducted in liver, thyroid, and testis following 4 days to subchronic exposures to these three triazoles. The goal of the present study was to gain a better understanding of the modes and mechanisms of action for the triazole reproductive toxicity observed following gestation to adulthood exposure (). The specific aim was to identify key biological pathways affected by triazoles in the liver and testis following exposure from gestation through adulthood, in order to better understand the disruptions in testosterone homeostasis. Using tissue samples from the previously published study (), gene expression changes were assessed in the male rat liver and testis following exposure to myclobutanil, propiconazole, or triadimefon from gestational day (GD) 6 through postnatal day (PND) 92 in order to test the hypothesis that triazoles disrupt testosterone homeostasis by increasing expression of genes involved in testosterone synthesis in the testis and decrease expression of genes involved in testosterone metabolism within the liver. The PND92 time point was chosen for this study due to increased testosterone levels and compromised fertility in young adult males at this time point following exposure to triazole antifungals (). We also hypothesized that if triazoles share common modes of action, exposure to these various triazoles would result in similar expression profiles of steroidogenic and steroid metabolism related genes. The gene expression profiling in this study, in addition to prior toxicological assessments, was expected to provide mechanistic insights into potentially shared modes of action for myclobutanil, propiconazole, and triadimefon. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animal husbandry and dosing regimen. A full description of animal husbandry and dosing is described in. Briefly, animal care, handling, and treatment were conducted in an American Association for Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care-International accredited facility, and all procedures were approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Human and Environmental Effects Research Laboratories Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Timed pregnant Wistar Han IGS rats were received from Charles River Laboratories (Raleigh, NC) on GD1–3; single housed, and allowed to acclimate for 3 days prior to the start of the treatment. Dams delivered naturally with day of delivery designated as PND0 for the F 1 generation. F 1 offspring were housed with their respective mothers until weaning on PND23. Males were removed from the dams and housed by treatment group in pairs until PND50. Males were single housed after PND50. Feed was prepared by Bayer CropScience (Kansas City, MO) as part of a Materials Cooperative Research and Development Agreement between the U.S. EPA and the U.S. Triazole Task Force. Control animals were fed 5002 Certified Rodent Diet with acetone vehicle added. Treatment groups used in this study received feed containing a dietary concentration of myclobutanil (M: 500 or 2000 ppm), propiconazole (P: 500 or 2500 ppm), or triadimefon (T: 500 or 1800 ppm). Dose levels used for this study were selected to match dose levels used in regulatory studies for registering these triazoles with the U.S. Dams began treated feeds on GD6, feed intake and body weights were measured weekly. The F 1 generation continued on the same treated feed diets; feed intake and body weights were measured weekly until necropsy. Refer to for achieved dose levels on a week by week basis. One male from each litter was necropsied on PND92 for transcriptional profiling analysis. RNA isolation. Total RNA was extracted from PND92 liver and testis of control and treatment groups using TRI Reagent (Molecular Research Center Inc., Cincinnati, OH) according to the manufacturer's protocol and subjected to quality control measures before application to microarrays. For quality control, RNA A 260: A 280 ratios were assessed via NanoDrop Fluorospectrometer (NanoDrop Technologies, Inc., Wilmington, DE). RNA absorbance readings with a range 1.8–2.1 were followed with DNase treatment, Total RNA Cleanup (Qiagen RNeasy), and checked for RNA quality using the model 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies, Inc., Palo Alto, CA). Samples with a ratio of 28S:18S rRNA > 1.6 were accepted for subsequent use in DNA microarrays. RNA was stored at −80°C until labeling for microarray hybridization. Microarray hybridization and scanning. Microarrays and reagents were provided by Affymetrix as part of a Materials Cooperative Research and Development Agreement. Microarray processing was conducted for EPA by Expression Analysis Inc. (Durham, NC). Five micrograms of purified total RNA from each liver or testis of three to seven individual rats per treatment group was hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChip Rat Genome 230 2.0 plus microarrays according to the Affymetrix GeneChip Expression Analysis Technical Manual (). Microarray and probe set analysis. To minimize nonbiological factors, for example, total amount of target hybridized to each array, signal values from each microarray were multiplied by a scaling factor to achieve a mean intensity equal to 500. Converted.cel files were loaded into the JMP Genomics program (SAS, Inc., Cary, NC), Log 2 transformed, normalized using interquartile normalization, and analyzed for significant changes in transcript levels through row-by-row modeling using one-way ANOVA. For initial exploratory analysis, principle component analysis (PCA) was applied using JMP Genomics. Comparisons were made between controls and each treatment group with statistical cut-offs applied at a p value adjusted false discovery rate (FDR) of 10% for liver ( p ≤ 0.000724) or FDR of 25% for testis ( p ≤ 0.000229), and an absolute difference of|1.2| or greater. Probe sets representing transcribed loci, unknown genes, and image clones were removed from the final list of each analysis; probe sets with predicted annotations were kept in the analysis. The Affymetrix.cel files can be accessed through Gene Expression Omnibus (); series accession numbers GSE10411 and GSE10412. Pathway analysis. Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA; Ingenuity Systems, ) was used for initial pathway level analysis. Genes from the data set that met the absolute difference cut-off of|1.2|, p value cut-off based on the data set p value adjusted FDR, and associated with a canonical pathway in the Ingenuity Pathways Knowledge Base (IPKB) were considered for the IPA-based analysis. Canonical pathways were identified from the IPA library that were impacted most significantly by the triazoles. The significance of the association between the data set and the canonical pathway was measured using the ratio of genes from the data set that mapped to the pathways divided by the total number of genes that mapped to the canonical pathway. Significance was calculated using the right-tailed Fisher's Exact Test by comparing the number of focus genes that participated in a given pathway, relative to the total number of occurrences of these genes in all pathway annotations in the IPKB. Using this methodology, over-represented pathways were identified containing more focus genes than expected by chance. Further analysis of a broader set of genes and pathways included those identified by IPA, in combination with relevant pathways from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes () and other references to associate genes with the most complete biological pathways possible. For and the fatty acid metabolism pathway, additional references included,, and. The sterol biosynthesis pathway in was supplemented with information from and., the cholesterol and bile acid biosynthetic pathway utilized,,,, and. And on nuclear receptor signaling pathways depended on,,,,,,,,, and. Nuclear receptor regulation of genes, enzymes, pathways, and processes in the liver. Genes listed represent effects of triazoles on expression in rat liver from this study. Expression of these genes is regulated by the nuclear receptors CAR, PXR, and PPAR-α, and the activity of these receptors, or transcription factors, is modulated by various endobiotics and xenobiotics. Perturbations of CAR, PXR, and PPAR-α signaling pathways can alter lipid and steroid homeostasis and promote hepatotoxicity. Quantitative PCR. TaqMan-based quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine the relative levels of Abcb1, Cyp1a1, Cyp2b1/Cyp2b2, Cyp3a1, Cyp3a2, Cyp4a1, and Ugt1a1 mRNA in the samples from each treatment group. Primer/probe sets specific for each gene were utilized from Applied Biosystems (Foster City, CA) for Abcb1 (Rn00561753_m1), Cyp1a1 (Custom assay), Cyp2b1/2 (Custom assay), Cyp3a1 (Rn01640761_g1), Cyp3a2 (Rn00756461_m1), Cyp4a1 (Rn00598510_m1), and Ugt1a1 (Rn00754947_m1). The exception to this was for Cyp2b1 and Cyp2b2, for which the primer/probe set could detect either gene transcript-that is why these results are hereafter referred to as Cyp2b1/2. A two-step RT-PCR process was performed by initial reverse transcription of ca. 200 ng of total RNA in a 60-μl reaction using the High Capacity cDNA Archive Kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA), followed by quantitative PCR amplification with isoforms-specific primer/probe sets on 2 μl of each reverse transcribed cDNA. The reactions were characterized by the point during PCR amplification at which fluorescence of the product crossed a defined threshold ( C T, automatically determined by the PE Applied Biosystems ABI 7900HT Sequencer software), and inspected to ensure all C T values were within the linear phase (log scale) of exponential growth for all targets. C T values were determined for target CYP genes and an endogenous control gene, β-actin. Each sample was normalized to both the β-actin control and to a vehicle control. A difference of one C T was considered equivalent to a twofold difference in gene expression (exponential relationship, i.e., RQ = 2 −DDCt). Sample means for each replicate were determined along with the standard error of the mean if appropriate and percent of adjusted positive control. Relative fold changes in mRNA content were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric ANOVA with Dunn's multiple comparisons post-test, measures with p ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS GeneChip Quality Analysis Microarrays of poor quality, with a scaling factor of greater than 15.0 were removed from the analysis. Three GeneChips from the liver and three GeneChips from the testis data sets were removed prior to normalization and statistical analysis of the two separate data sets. Each treatment group had three to seven GeneChips available for robust analysis following removal of microarray chips with weak intensity readings. Probe Set Analysis in the Liver PCA applied to the normalized data set grouped microarrays by treatment group, with largest variation occurring within the controls, M500, and T1800 groups. It is unlikely this variation is due to sample size (Controls: 7; M500: 4; T1800: 3 microarray chips). Gene expression changes were determined using one-way ANOVA and a FDR of 10% as the multiple testing correction method to control the familywise error rate. The FDR of 10% (α = 0.10) generated a p value cut-off of 7.24E−4 and was considered an ideal cut-off in order to obtain a subset of 1,043 differentially expressed probe sets for use in pathway and gene-level analyses. Of those probe sets, 455 had an absolute difference of|1.2| or greater. Removing probe sets that interrogated unknown genes or transcribed loci, the final list of probe sets identified 308 genes up- or downregulated by myclobutanil, propiconazole, or triadimefon (). The 16 genes differentially expressed in response to all three triazoles, as detected by microarray, are listed in. Although four isoforms of Cyp2B (2b2, 2b3, 2b13, 2b15) were assessed using the Affymetrix Rat 230 2.0 GeneChip, only Cyp2b2 was induced in all the triazole treatment groups. The majority of genes modulated by all three triazoles function in lipid or fatty acid metabolism, transporter, and xenobiotic metabolism pathways; thus a pathway based approach was the focus of subsequent analysis and interpretation. Pathway Analysis in the Liver Pathway analysis identified common biological pathways and processes affected by the three triazoles in rat liver. For initial analysis of pathways the entire liver data set (31,099 probe sets) was uploaded into IPA and the absolute difference|1.2| or greater and p value ≤ 7.24E−4 was used to identify differentially expressed genes. In the liver data set, 180 of the 308 significant probe sets mapped to the IPKB. These focus genes were overlaid onto a molecular network developed from information within the IPKB. Shows the pathways identified by IPA as being affected by the three triazoles. Several metabolic pathways are common across the three triazoles including androgen and estrogen, arachidonic acid, fatty acid, glycerolipid, linoleic acid, tryptophan, and xenobiotic metabolism. Additional pathways are affected by just one or two of the triazoles. The multiple biological pathways modified by more than one triazole treatment suggest a potential for common modes of action within the rat liver. A more complete analysis of altered pathways and biological processes in the rat liver was undertaken; using the larger set of 308 differentially expressed genes identified at the probe set level. This extended the IPA-based analysis, to include statistically significant differentially expressed genes and altered pathways that were not captured within the IPKB. Fatty acid catabolism pathway. Shows the triazole effects in the rat liver on gene expression in the fatty acid catabolism pathway. Myclobutanil and propiconazole decreased transcript levels of phosphatidic acid phosphatase 2B (Ppap2b), a key enzyme in glycerolipid metabolism involved in triacylglycerol formation. Propiconazole and triadimefon decreased transcript levels of pyruvate carboxylase (Pcx), the initiating enzyme in the citric acid cycle, catalyzing the carboxylation of pyruvate into oxaloacetate for later ATP synthesis. Triazoles also decreased expression of L-pyruvate kinase (Pklr), which is rate limiting in fatty acid biosynthesis and storage. Acyl-CoA synthetase (Acsl) produces the primary substrate for energy use and synthesis of fatty acids, including triacylglycerol and cholesterol esters. The triazole regulation of Acsl was complicated, with Acls5 downregulated by propiconazole, and Acls3 up regulated by triadimefon. Triadimefon also increased expression of the next enzyme, enoyl coenzyme A hydratase (Echdc1), in this latter part of fatty acid metabolism driving catalytic conversion of palmitate to acetoacetyl-coenzyme A, the precursor leading into sterol biosynthesis. Sterol biosynthesis pathway. Presents triazole effects in the rat liver on the sterol biosynthesis pathway, and key genes involved in the biosynthesis of cholesterol. Of the three triazoles examined, only triadimefon had a significant impact on gene expression within this pathway in rat liver. Beginning with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (Hmgcr) and mevalonate kinase (Mvk), triadimefon increased the transcript levels of several sterol biosynthesis dependent enzymes. Squalene epoxidase (Sqle) was increased by triadimefon at both dose levels indicating Sqle is more sensitive to triadimefon relative to the other genes in this pathway. Steroid metabolism and bile acid biosynthesis pathway. Triazole exposure also altered expression in the rat liver of genes in the steroid metabolism and bile acid biosynthesis pathways (). Although these pathways were not identified by the IPA-based analysis, a more complete analysis based on all 308 differentially expressed genes identified seven key enzymes in these pathways. Steroid 5 alpha-reductase (Srd5a1) in the main bile acid pathway, and Cyp7b1 in the alternate bile acid pathway were decreased by triadimefon and propiconazole treatment, respectively. The two triazoles target different gene transcripts, however both enzymes’ activities are involved in primary bile acid synthesis. Propiconazole also decreased the transcript levels of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor 2 (Itpr2) which is involved in intracellular calcium homeostasis. The transcript levels for several uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases (Ugt1a1, Ugt2a1, Udpgtr2) were increased by all three triazoles, indicating increased metabolism of steroids and xenobiotics. Increased expression of hydroxysteroid 17β-dehydrogenase (Hsd17b) by triadimefon also indicated elevated androgen and estrogen metabolism in the liver. Nuclear receptor regulated genes. Shows the impact of triazoles on nuclear receptor regulated genes within the rat liver. There were several genes differentially expressed that are regulated by the constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), pregnane X receptor (PXR), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), as well as the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) and liver X receptor (LXR). The genes regulated by CAR and PXR are phase I, II, and III enzymes that are part of fatty acid and xenobiotic metabolism, sterol biosynthesis, steroid metabolism, and cell cycle pathways. Increased transcript levels of most of these CAR/PXR-regulated genes indicate activation of CAR and/or PXR. Also consistent with CAR activation, the genes Pcx and Ppap2b were downregulated. Results for Cyp2b2 from the arrays and for Cyp2b1/Cyp2b2 from PCR are both listed (). CAR-specific, PXR-specific, and genes coregulated by CAR and PXR are identified in. Additional genes with overlapping regulation by multiple receptors, modulated by triazoles in rat liver; included Alas1 expression regulated by CAR, PXR, and LXR, and Cyp1a1 expression regulated by AhR and CAR. Effects on nuclear receptor regulated genes included increased expression of steroid and xenobiotic metabolism genes aldehyde dehydrogenase (Aldh1a1), Cyp1a1, and Cyp2b2, the previously mentioned glucuronide and glucoside conjugation genes Ugt1a1, Ugt2a1, and Udpgtr2, glutathione conjugator Gstm4 and phase III transporter Abcc3; all changes were likely to have altered metabolism and excretion of steroids and xenobiotics. A more integrated representation of the genes, enzymes, pathways and processes regulated by nuclear receptors in the liver is presented in. Various agonists and antagonists of the CAR, PXR, and PPAR-α receptors are indicated, as well as the regulated genes which in this study were differentially expressed in response to triazole exposure. This included up regulation of the antiapoptotic genes Gadd45b and Mdm2. Fatty acid metabolism, sterol biosynthesis, steroid metabolism, bile acid metabolism, and cellular growth pathways are all coordinately regulated by these nuclear receptors. Based on these findings, it is postulated that alterations in these pathways from exposure to xenobiotics like the triazoles, mediated by these nuclear receptors, resulted in effects on biological processes including hepatomegaly, detoxification and elimination, and plasma lipid transport. Quantitative PCR To further examine and confirm changes in liver gene expression, a set of genes modulated by all three triazoles, as well as additional CAR regulated genes, were analyzed by PCR. Quantitative PCR confirmed the increased expression of Cyp1a1 and Cyp2b1/Cyp2b2, and yielded more definitive results for Cyp3a1 and Ugt1a1 (). Based on the PCR results, Cyp3a1 is the 17th gene for which expression is modulated by all three triazoles (see for other 16). Cyp3a2 was not represented on the microarray. PCR detected an increase in Cyp3a2 mRNA in response to myclobutanil and propiconazole, and with the increased Cyp3a1 mRNA content by all three triazoles, suggests PXR activation by triazoles in the rat liver. The magnitude of increased Cyp2b1/Cyp2b2 indicated a strong activation of CAR consistent with a maladaptive toxic response as a result of long term triazole exposure. The one clear case of discordance between microarray and PCR results, for Abcb1 and triadimefon, may be due to the sequences used for probes in the separate assays. Probe Set Analysis in the Testis Gene expression changes were determined using a one-way ANOVA and a FDR of 25% (α = 0.25) which generated a p value cut-off of 2.29E−4 yielding 169 differentially expressed probe sets. Of those probe sets, 77 had an absolute difference of|1.2| or greater. Removal of probe sets interrogating unknown or transcribed loci, the final list of probe sets equaled 70 (). An ANOVA analysis using a FDR of 10% defined one unknown gene; a FDR of 15 or 20% defined a list of 10 genes. The liberal cut-off was used in order to obtain a subset of genes for pathway analysis. It is clear, however, from the ANOVA that there were either large variations within treatment groups or very small changes in gene expression within the testis. Pathway Analysis in the Testis IPA was used to identify common pathways affected by the three triazoles. From the entire data set (31,099 probe sets), the absolute difference of|1.2| or greater and p value ≤ 2.29E−4 was used to identify genes whose expression was differentially regulated. In the testis data set, 50 of the 72 significant probe sets mapped to the IPKB. There were no common pathways affected by all three triazoles, however, there were five pathways modulated by at least two triazoles (). The IPA-based analysis of altered pathways in the testis did identify 11 potentially significant matches to pathways affected by triazoles in the liver. Many of these pathways common to testis and liver are critical to reproduction, including androgen and estrogen metabolism, C21-Steroid hormone metabolism, and sterol biosynthesis. The other common pathways are significant in relation to how testis and liver respond to triazole exposures: metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, and xenobiotic metabolism signaling. Several additional pathways recognized in the testis, were common and robust responders to all three triazoles in the liver: arachidonic acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and tryptophan metabolism. Expanding on the pathways highlighted by the IPA analysis, the larger set of 72 differentially expressed genes were examined based on relevant biological processes or pathways. No one major biological process or pathway stood out in this analysis. This set of genes did map to the lipid, fatty acid and C21-steroid hormone metabolism, inflammatory response, intracellular signaling, or xenobiotic metabolism pathways. However, due to the liberal threshold (FDR of 25%) used during the ANOVA, and the limited number of genes differentially expressed, it was difficult to have confidence in these results for defining specific modes of triazole related toxicity within the testis. This was exacerbated by the fact that propiconazole, which demonstrated no overt reproductive toxicity, caused a greater number of differentially expressed genes in the testis compared with the two reproductive toxicants, myclobutanil and triadimefon. DISCUSSION Toxicological endpoints from our previous assessment of the reproductive toxicity of myclobutanil, propiconazole, and triadimefon identified a potential mode of action for the reproductive toxicity of triazole antifungals (). The combination of increased serum testosterone levels by all three triazoles, increased anogenital distance and testis weight, hepatomegaly, and decreased insemination and fertility indices strongly suggested disruption in testosterone homeostasis as a mode of action for triazole toxicity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remained indeterminate. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that disruption in testosterone homeostasis was a result of changes in gene expression leading to increased steroidogenesis in the testis and decreased steroid metabolism in the liver. Furthermore, it was designed to identify whether this putative mode of action was common to the triazoles, and if so, to gain mechanistic understanding of the common biological pathways perturbed by triazoles that lead to toxicity. Analyses based on biological pathways was used to interpret the significant gene expression changes in the liver and testis and to provide context for interpreting these changes. Numerous common gene transcripts and biological pathways were identified for triazoles in the liver defining common biological processes modulated by all three triazoles and supporting the interpretation of a common mode of action. In contrast, the small number of differentially expressed genes and affected pathways in the testis indicated that the observed reproductive effects were not due to modulations of gene expression within the testis, and that the testis was not a target organ for triazole reproductive toxicity. Common metabolic pathways for all three triazoles included androgen and estrogen, arachidonic acid, fatty acid, glycerolipid, linoleic acid, tryptophan, and xenobiotic. Several of the perturbed pathways common to the triazoles formed a large interconnected network between glycolysis and fatty acid catabolism, sterol biosynthesis and bile acid biosynthesis or steroid metabolism. All three triazoles had a significant impact on lipid metabolism, including fatty acid and steroid metabolism, as well as lipid transport. The genomic data in this study demonstrates triazole disruption of pathways of key biological functions in the liver; including energy homeostasis, biological membrane fluidity, and CYP and other metabolic activities. Moreover, these pathways are critical to liver-mediated steroid homeostasis, and we propose that it is the perturbation of these critical pathways that leads to the observed reproductive and hepatic toxicity of the triazoles. Hepatic Fatty Acid Metabolism Many phase I, II, and III metabolic genes perturbed by triazole exposures are regulated by the nuclear receptors PPAR, CAR, PXR, LXR, FXR, and AhR. Nuclear receptors within the liver regulate specific and overlapping subsets of genes (;; ), and respond to a variety of endogenous metabolites. As an example, fatty acids activate PPAR-α through a ligand-induced conformational structure change. Down regulation of Cyp4a10 and Cyp4a1, and up regulation of Cyp4a12 indicates changes in fatty acid levels and PPAR-α modulation by the triazoles (). Triazoles affected multiple fatty acid metabolic genes, such as Acsl3 and Acsl5, which encode enzymes residing in different subcellular locations and regulating different steps in the metabolic pathway (). Overall, there appeared to be a shift from insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism and fatty acid synthesis and storage (lipogenesis), over to fatty acid oxidation—similar to what has been reported for PPAR-α agonists (). The triazoles also seemed to modulate LXR regulated genes and pathways, the up regulation of Alas1, Ces2, and Scd1 expression caused by triazoles indicated oxysterol activation of LXRα () and promotion of bile acid biosynthesis and secretion. Constitutive Androstance Receptor The most robust nuclear receptor mediated response to triazoles in the rat liver is the induction of Cyp2b2, which is regulated by CAR (). Cyp2b2 was the one gene differentially expressed in all the triazole treatment groups in the rat liver. Expression levels of Cyp2b, like Cyp4a, are increased by ketone bodies and fatty acids, and decrease following mitochondrial β-oxidation due to decreased intercellular fatty acids. Cyp2b2 catalyzes the oxidation of testosterone, arachidonic acid, lauric acid, and numerous environmental agents. Of the five Cyp2b isoforms assessed by microarray (2b2, 2b3, 2b13, 2b15) or PCR (2b1 and 2b2) in the present study, only Cyp2b2 was clearly and strongly induced by all three triazoles. The biological functions of Cyp2b3 and Cyp2b13 have not been determined; however Cyp2b3 is not phenobarbital inducible (). Cyp2b2 and Cyp2b15 are both induced by phenobarbital and regulated by CAR, yet only the array probe set designed for Cyp2b2 was consistently positive. PCR confirmed that Cyp2b2 was highly induced by the triazoles, and the sensitivity of Cyp2b2 to xenobiotics, elevated levels of testosterone and fatty acids suggests multiple functions across several metabolic pathways. It should be noted that triazoles may not be metabolized by rat Cyp2b1 or human CYP2B6 (). However, Barton et al. Did not test rat Cyp2b2 metabolism of triazoles to determine if it might be directly involved in triazole biotransformation. It is likely that Cyp2b2 ability to metabolize androgens and its impact on related metabolic pathways in the liver is more critical to understanding triazole reproductive and hepatic toxicity. CAR regulates multiple metabolic enzyme and transporter genes modulated by triazoles, including Alas1, Cyp1a1, Cyp2b2, Lss, Abcc3, Slco1a4, Pcx, and Ugt1a1. Results for these and other genes are consistent with CAR activation by triazoles, demonstrating the multifunctionality of this receptor and a direct or indirect responsiveness to triazoles. Other CAR activators, like triazoles, also induce hepatomegaly, hepatocyte hypertrophy, and induction of CYP and other xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in rodent liver. In the case of this triazole study in rats, repeated exposures to triazoles also led to disruption of steroid homeostasis and infertility. Chronic, high-dose exposures to these and other triazoles can also lead to hepatic tumors and carcinogenesis in rodents, similar to what has been reported for other CAR activators (). The mode of action behind these CAR mediated tumor and cancer outcomes appears to be increased cell proliferation and suppression of apoptosis (). Up regulation of cell growth and antiapoptotic genes, as well as well established CAR regulated genes such as Cyp2b2, following the triazole treatments in this study suggest activation of rat CAR is a key event in the observed hepatomegaly and other hepatotoxicity reported (). Using CAR knockout mice, have demonstrated that CAR is essential for at least some cases of mouse hepatotoxicity and tumor formation, and additional studies have proven these CAR-dependent mechanisms relevant to at least cyproconazole (). It is worth noting that the antiapoptotic gene Gadd45b, which was up regulated by triadimefon in the present study, has recently been reported as a CAR coactivator (). It appears that triazole modulation of Gadd45b is dependent on CAR (). Pregnane X Receptor Activation of genes regulated by PXR was not as robust as the effects on CAR genes, but it was another common effect of triazoles in rat liver. Cyp3a1 and Cyp3a2, Aldh1a1, as well as some of the genes coregulated by CAR or other nuclear receptors were induced by the triazoles. Rat Cyp3a1 and Cyp3a2 both metabolize myclobutanil, and perhaps triadimefon also (). Human CYP3A4 appears to do the same, so this PXR mediated induction of Cyp3ais likely enhancing triazole biotransformation. However, because of the many ligands shared by PXR and CAR (), overlapping regulation of hepatic metabolism by these receptors (; ), and the promiscuity of PXR binding to many xenobiotics (), it was difficult to determine the specificity and significance of PXR in the liver following triazole exposure. PXR regulates numerous metabolic pathways and genes, including several altered by triazoles in the present study. Results with transgenic mice have provided evidence that PXR response to xenobiotics is an important determinant in both rodent and human hepatocarcinogenesis (). Future studies will need to clearly distinguish the functions of PXR from those of CAR and other nuclear receptors in regulating genes and pathways. These studies will be crucial in defining triazole modes of action relative to hepatic and reproductive toxicity, and determining the relevance of these mechanistic insights to human health risk. Hepatic Steroid Metabolism Many of the genes in the steroid metabolism pathway perturbed by triazoles in the present study are regulated by CAR and PXR. This genomic response indicated an attempt by the rat liver to respond to increased serum testosterone levels following long term and relatively high-dose exposures to triazoles. Many of these triazole-induced changes are likely to have altered metabolism and excretion of steroids and xenobiotics. As an example, changes in Hsd17b were likely to be an adaptive response to the elevated circulating testosterone seen with all three triazoles; part of a hepatic attempt to regain steroid homeostasis (). In contrast, down regulation of Srd5a1, which helps eliminate excess androgens and is typically positively regulated by testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (), appears to be a maladaptative response to triazole exposure. Conclusions The molecular events measured in this toxicogenomic study demonstrate that myclobutanil, propiconazole, and triadimefon perturb common biological pathways, many of which are regulated by nuclear receptors. By defining the common changes in gene expression and their associated biological pathways, strong inferences can be made about the causative factors leading up to a disruption in testosterone homeostasis and associated reproductive toxicity of triazoles: triazoles increased fatty acid catabolism, reduced bile acid biosynthesis, induced cholesterol biosynthesis, and impaired steroid metabolism. The induction of CAR and PXR nuclear receptors drove many of these changes in gene expression, and subsequent changes in fatty acid, steroid and xenobiotic metabolism. It is likely that modulation of CAR and PXR by the triazoles in this long term exposure study led to the observed hepatomegaly. The observed disruption in testosterone homeostasis by triazoles was not due to modulation of steroidogenic genes in the testis. Instead, there appeared to be disruption of normal hepatic testosterone metabolism, leading to increased expression of genes in the steroid metabolism and sterol biosynthesis pathways as an adaptive response. For reasons not currently understood, negative feedback mechanisms in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis did not compensate for these increases in circulating steroids, and changes in hepatic metabolism were not able to maintain steroid homeostasis. In this rat model where exposure started gestationally and continued to adulthood, disruption of systemic steroid homeostasis was accompanied by reproductive toxicity and infertility. The gene expression profiles in this study have provided strong support for a mode of action for reproductive and hepatic toxicity, mediated through the CAR and PXR signaling pathways that is common to the triazole antifungals. FUNDING EPA/North Carolina State University Cooperative Training Agreement (#CT826512010) supported A.K.G. We thank Drs Hongzu Ren and Indira Thillainadarajah (EPA) for excellent technical support. We also thank Dr Douglas Wolf (EPA) for technical review of this manuscript. Microarrays and reagents for a portion of this study were provided by Affymetrix as part of a Materials Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with EPA. It's not that simple. I just found this awesome FAQ attached to an eBay item, though, that really explains it all. If I post the link, it might disappear after the item isn't on eBay. Guess I'd better paste the whole thing here. ![]() Sim Cards for Reactivating GSM Tracfone and Net10 phones. (GSM means you have a Sim card) You will still need to buy airtime for your phone before it is usable. Reactivation merely registers it for use on the network. Depending on how long your phone has been inactive, you may or may not be able to reactivate it with the same phone number you had. ![]() Mar 31, 2015. Net10 is a prepaid wireless reseller that uses both CDMA and GSM handsets, depending on the coverage area. You can activate the SIM card online or over the phone using. Buy Net 10 Activation Sim Card Kit with fast shipping and top-rated customer service. Once you know, you Newegg! AT&T PREPAID SIM Card Kit (Phone) AT&T SIM for AT&T PREPAID (Phone) devices. All you have to do is insert it into your phone and activate your service at att.com. Transfer my existing NET10 Business phone number to a new phone. Transfer from another company. Enter your SIM card number found on your red activation card. The general rule is that after 30 days of being inactive, the number returns to a pool of numbers that can be claimed by new customers. However, sometimes the number is still available. If it is not, you will receive a new number. Visit the TracFone website or if you prefer to have a live person walk you through the process, or if you have questions specific to your phone and situation, you can also reactivate with a live agent by calling 800-867-7183 for customer service. Tracfone and Net10 are both owned by the same company. Their support is provided by the same customer service people and comes from the same support centers. They both use the same sim cards. Their new sim cards can be used in any gsm phone for either Tracfone or Net10. Tracfone's phones cannot be used for Net10 and Net10 phones cannot be used for Tracfone. Once a sim card is placed in a phone and the phone is powered up, the sim card is locked to that phone and can never be used in another phone. If you place a new sim card in any phone, active or not and turn the phone on then the sim card is useless except for possible future use in that phone. You cannot swap active sim cards in Tracfone and Net10 phones like you can with other gsm carrier's phones. Tracfone and Net10 phones have proprietary firmware in the phones that will only recognize their sim cards. Also, their sim cards will not work in any phone that does not have their firmware in it. You cannot unlock a Tracfone like you can with other gsm phones. In order to make one of Tracfone's phones usable with another carrier you would have to flash (replace) the firmware in the phone with a different firmware. This would also render the phone unusable on the Tracfone system. Reports indicate that phones unlocked by other methods will only work until the minute bank in the phone reaches zero, then it will no longer work. Generally a sim card that has not had a phone number assigned to it will produce an 'unregistered sim' message on the phone. All sims are unregistered until assigned a number and activated by a carrier. An active sim or previously active sim placed in another phone, other than the one it is locked to, will usually produce a 'sim reject' message on the phone. Usually you can't even access the menu to transfer contact information from an old sim to a new phone. Tracfone and Net10 do not have their own cellular system in the US. They resell service provided by other carriers. The two gsm providers they use are At&t & T-Mobile. Each provider needs a different sim card to communicate with their system. Currently their are 3 different sim cards used by Tracfone and Net10. Two are used for service provided by At&t, and the third is used for service provided by T-Mobile. The At&t cards are designated by C4 (Cingular) and the T-Mobile sim cards are designated by T5 (T-Mobile). The two At&t cards are basically the same except for storage capacity. The TFSIMC4 is the older sim card. The TF64SIMC4 is the newer card and has more storage capacity. The T-Mobile card is labeled TFSIMT5. These markings can be seen on the sim card without removing it from the phone. The sim card is located in the battery compartment underneath the battery. There are two distinctions between the card serial numbers which will help to determine which card you have in your phone without having to remove the card or the battery. The C4 card serial numbers have 20 digit and start with 890141. The T-Mobile card serial numbers have 19 digits and start with 890126. To see the whole serial number on the card you would have to remove it from the phone or you can access your sim card serial number in your phones prepaid menu. To determine which carrier's sim card is packaged with a phone you can look for the model number on the sticker where the serial number bar code is for the phone. Phones packaged with At&t sim cards have P4 at the end of the model number, example TFC139P4. Phones packaged with T-Mobile sim cards have P5 at the end of the model number, example TFC139P5. 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March 2018
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